Chinese language is a collection of dialects. Its classification, for the past three decades, has been under a heated debate, as languages including Chinese are dynamic and evolving. Chang (1987) conducted an investigation into English pronunciation features of Chinese learners by splitting Chinese into 8 dialect groups i.e. Northern Chinese (Mandarin), Yueh (Cantonese), Wu, Kan, Northern Min, Southern Min, Hsiang, and Hakka of Mainland China. And currently, Xiong, Zhang and Zhou (2008) stated that Jin dialect, Hui dialect, and Ping and Tu dialect can be separated from previous dialect groups and viewed as three dialect groups in isolation. In addition, in their study, Mandarin group was categorized into 8 sub-groups, including Northeastern Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin, Jilu Mandarin, Jiaoliao Mandarin, Central Plains Mandarin, Lanyin Mandarin, Southwestern Mandarin, and Jianghuai Mandarin, which is congruent with other research. Due to the limited number of learners speaking Hui, Ping and Tu in Hong Kong, the corpus data covers 9 dialect groups, of which Mandarin is provided from 8 Mandarin sub-groups. Therefore, the general English pronunciation features of above-mentioned dialect groups and Mandarin sub-groups will be introduced. Please click on the corresponding area of the dialectal map according to the legend to read more.

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