{"id":1046,"date":"2020-03-22T11:08:06","date_gmt":"2020-03-22T11:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/?page_id=1046"},"modified":"2020-03-31T07:32:17","modified_gmt":"2020-03-31T07:32:17","slug":"1-2-introduction-of-praat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/1-2-introduction-of-praat\/","title":{"rendered":"1.2. Introduction of Praat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-1046\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-1046-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-1046-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">Praat<\/span><\/b><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u00a0is a freeware program for the analysis and reconstruction of acoustic speech signals. You can analyze, synthesize,\u00a0 manipulate speech and create high-quality pictures for your articles and thesis with it. It can be downloaded from the following website:\u00a0<u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/praat\/\">http:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/Praat\/<\/a><\/u>. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Figure 1.2<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1058\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"313\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><b>1.2.1. What is Praat?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-2\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-2\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Praat is an open-software tool for the analysis of speech in phonetics. It was designed, and continues to be developed, by Paul Boersma and David Weenink of the University of Amsterdam. It's free and available for most platforms.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Praat was designed to cater for different needs with easy interface, many default options to learn by trying, searchable manual, and various possibilities of analysis, manipulation and labeling (Goldman, 2004: 1).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\nThere are many Praat tutorials available for helping with the Praat application. However, the majority of the existing Praat manuals were designed for software documentation and assumes a strong phonetics or programming background of readers. The current manual is compiled from a variety of elaborate manuals with a special focus on those most-frequently used functions and techniques for acoustic analysis. The target readers of this are those beginners who are not equipped with a strong phonetics or programming background but want to do some phonetic analysis of speech sounds. The clear visual presentation of operational procedures and introduction to acoustic knowledge are provided to facilitate the use of Praat in linguistic research.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-3\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"3\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-3\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><b>1.2.2. What we can do with Praat? <\/b>(<u>Adapted from Styler, 2012: 6<\/u>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-4\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"4\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-4\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>With Praat, you can \u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">generate waveforms, wide and narrow band spectrograms, intensity contour and pitch tracks;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">make recordings, edit a recorded sound, and extract individual sounds for further analysis;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">get information about pitch, intensity, formants, pulses and etc;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">enhance certain frequency regions; segment and label words, syllables, or individual phonemes;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">put your work in graphic form ('draw a plot') for printing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-5\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"5\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-5\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><b>1.2.3. What we can do with Praat?<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-6\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"6\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-6\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once you've opened Praat, several windows will open automatically, and there are many other windows which will pop up later on when you click different buttons, so we\u2019d better discuss different windows in Praat before we introducing different buttons.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>A. Praat Objects window<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Praat Objects window<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>(Figure 1.3 on the left) is where you can open, create and save files. This menu can be used to open the various editors and queries which you\u2019ll need to work with sound files.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Figure 1.3 Praat Objects Window<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1059\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"326\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After opening the program, Praat has no objects in its object list. Therefore, the list is empty and the buttons (at the bottom) are disabled and shown in grey. When you put the sound files in the list, menus and buttons are become dynamic,\u00a0 and they may change (appear, disappear or be disabled) according to the selected objects.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can create a new sound via Menu: <span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">\"New\" \u2192 \"Record a mono Sound\" \u2192 \"Record\" \u2192 \"Stop\" \u2192 \"Save to the list\" \u2192 \"type the file name\" \u2192 \"OK\"<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then, the sound you\u2019ve just recorded will appear is now in the list of objects with the file name as \"Sound+ name\".\u00a0 As it is selected (in blue), many buttons appear on the right and at bottom are now enabled.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The five buttons\u00a0<span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">at the bottom<\/span>\u00a0are called the\u00a0<em>fixed buttons.\u00a0<\/em>They<em>\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0might be disabled if nothing is selected or present in the list. These functions are common to all objects whatever the type.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Rename<\/span>: <\/strong>Rename an object<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Copy<\/span>: <\/strong>Duplicate an object<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Remove<\/span>: <\/strong>Delete an object<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Info<\/span>: <\/strong>Get the results from various queries on an object<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Inspect<\/span>: <\/strong>Browse the internal data of an object<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-US\">The buttons <span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">on the right\u00a0<\/span>of the list (in Figure 1.4) are the\u00a0<i>dynamic buttons<\/i><\/span><span lang=\"en-us\"><i>.\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">We'll go through most of them in our following session 1.3.\u00a0 The buttons on the right won't appear if no object is selected or several objects of different types are selected at the same time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Figure 1.4 Buttons on\u00a0Praat Objects Window<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1060\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"452\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>B. Editor window<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Editor window<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>(Figure\u00a01.5) is where you\u2019ll spend most of your time processing and measuring the sound file. You can access the<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Editor window by selecting a sound and clicking on\u00a0\"View &amp; Edit\". When you open the Editor window, the sound\u2019s waveform and spectrogram will be shown on the top and the bottom respectively, and the cursor will allow you to make selections and measurements. The menus on the top allows\u00a0you to show and hide different acoustic information (e.g. formants, pitch, intensity), as well as to make more detailed queries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1.5\u00a0 Editor Window<\/span><\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1061\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The menus on the top of the\u00a0<span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>Editor window<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0contain the following options(\u00a0Lieshout, 2005: 13-14):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">File<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong>to extract selections in different ways, to open a script file, etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Edit<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong>to copy or paste parts of a signal, etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>Query<\/strong><\/span>:\u00a0to get information on the cursor position, selection boundaries, define settings for logs and reports, etc.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">View<\/span>:<\/strong>\u00a0 to select the contents of the window (spectrogram, intensity etc.) and control zoom settings.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>Select<\/strong><\/span>: to control cursor positions.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>Spectrum<\/strong><\/span>:\u00a0to control the spectrogram settings and extract information; the frequency value at the cursor position is indicated on the left hand outside of the panel in a red font.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Figure 1.6 Spectrogram menu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.6.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1062\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">Pitch<\/span><\/b><\/span><span lang=\"en-us\">:\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">to control the pitch settings and extract information; by default the pitch signal is shown in a bright blue solid line and the value at the cursor position is indicated on the right hand outside of the panel in a dark blue font.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i>Figure 1.7 Pitch menu<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.7.jpg\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.7.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1063\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1.8 Pitch contour overlained on spectrogram in Praat<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1064\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><b>Intensity<\/b><\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">to control the intensity signal settings and extract information; by default the intensity signal is shown in a yellow solid line and the value at the cursor position is indicated on the right-hand side of the panel in a bright green font.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1.9 Intensity menu<\/span><\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.9.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1065\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"330\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1. 10 Intensity contour in Praat<\/span><\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.10.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1066\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"330\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">Formant<\/span><\/b><\/span><span lang=\"en-us\">:\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">to control the formant settings and extracts information; by default the formants are shown in red dotted lines. \u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">You can adjust the numbers of formants presented and the maximum formant via\u00a0<span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">\"Formant\" \u2192<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"> \"Formant settings\u2026\" <\/span>In later chapters (1.4.5), we will introduce how to adjust the formant settings and extract formant information in detail.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1.11 <\/span><\/i><\/b><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Formant\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">menu<\/span><\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.11.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1067\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"331\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1.12<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u00a0Formants in Praat<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.12.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1068\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Pulses<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\">to set pulses and to extract specific information on voice parameters like jitter and shimmer; pulses are indicated in the top panel with vertical blue solid lines.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1. 13 Pulses in Praat<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.13.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1069\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"299\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>C. Info window<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you make a query, either in the editor window or from the objects window, the\u00a0<span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><strong>Info window <\/strong><\/span>will pop up with your results. You can also print to this window when scripting in Praat. Please note that information printed here will not necessarily be saved, and<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>running a new query will overwrite it by default.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Figure 1. 14 Praat\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"EN-US\">Info window to show information on mean pitch\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.14.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1070\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"370\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">D. Praat Picture window<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/h6>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The\u00a0<strong><span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">Praat Picture window<\/span> (Figure 1.15)\u00a0<\/strong>is used to create and display publication-quality images, and is open by default when you start the program.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400; text-align: center;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong><em>Figure 1. 15 Praat\u00a0<\/em><i>Picture window<\/i><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.15.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1072\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Praat1.15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"495\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1046-0-0-7\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-last-child\" data-index=\"7\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1046-0-0-7\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/chapter-1-introduction-acoustic-phonetics-and-praat\/\">Back to Chapter 1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/our-praat-manual\/\">Back to Praat Manual<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><p>Hits: 28125<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Praat\u00a0is a freeware program for the analysis and reconstruction of acoustic speech signals. You can analyze, synthesize,\u00a0 manipulate speech and create high-quality pictures for your articles and thesis with it. It can be downloaded from the following website:\u00a0http:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/Praat\/. \u00a0 Figure<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1046"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1449,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1046\/revisions\/1449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/english_pronunciation\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1046"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}