{"id":4362,"date":"2023-04-03T12:12:20","date_gmt":"2023-04-03T12:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/?page_id=4362"},"modified":"2023-06-15T18:12:23","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T18:12:23","slug":"teaching-kit","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/teaching-kit\/","title":{"rendered":"Teaching Kit"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4362\" class=\"elementor elementor-4362\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b399aa9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b399aa9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b405bb9\" data-id=\"b405bb9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb61f2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fb61f2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/l3-site-slider_teaching-kit-1000-300-px-1.gif\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-4368\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6064c2b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6064c2b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a86a0b9\" data-id=\"a86a0b9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4035735\" data-id=\"4035735\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1538a2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1538a2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.11.5 - 14-03-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Third language acquisition (TLA) refers to the process of acquiring a language that is different from both the first language (L1) and second language (L2) and is acquired after them. Recent years have seen rapid growth in the field of study on TLA, focusing on the distinctions between acquiring a L2 and acquiring a third language (L3).<\/p><p>There are notable differences due to the fact that L3 learners already possess at least two languages in terms of linguistic repertoire. These learners can draw upon their broader linguistic repertoire when acquiring L3. For instance, they can make connections between new language structures, vocabulary, or sounds and the two languages they are already familiar with, rather than just one language as monolingual individuals do. Additionally, learners who have previously learned L2 have gained valuable experience as language learners and have likely developed certain skills and strategies for language acquisition. These skills and strategies can be reactivated and adapted to the task of learning L3.<\/p><p>Another important difference between SLA and TLA pertains to the diversity of learning contexts. Various factors such as age, instructional methods, and motivation can contribute to these distinctions. In the context of TLA, this diversity extends not only to the target language but also to the way how the L2 was acquired. Furthermore, significant variations can arise in terms of language use. Some L3 learners actively engage in bilingualism, utilizing their L1 and L2 in their daily lives, whereas others living in monolingual environments only occasionally employ their L2, which in this case is a foreign language. Although TLA is also a process of the acquisition of a non-native language, which is similar to SLA, it encompasses both effects of bilingualism and additional cognitive and social outcomes like metalinguistic awareness and creativity (Cenoz, 2013).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b673d4a\" data-id=\"b673d4a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83a96e4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"83a96e4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0d8d19\" data-id=\"c0d8d19\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53f9d0b\" data-id=\"53f9d0b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cdd52f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cdd52f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>There is, in fact, no uniform developmental trajectory in the acquisition of phonology in a third language (L3), particularly in the case of individuals who are early bilinguals (Cabrelli Amaro &amp; Wrembel, 2016). Kope\u010dkov\u00e1 et al. (2016) attempted to model the patterns of L3 phonological development by proposing Dynamic Systems Theory (DST). The systems, as interpreted in DST, evolve through their interaction with the surrounding environment and through internal restructuring. They are in a constant state of change, either as a result of external influences or internal reorganization. Celce-Murcia et al. (2010) highlighted the significant impact of external variables and individual learner characteristics on the ultimate success of target language acquisition, including the attainment of foreign language pronunciation. Based on the classification proposed by Zhang (2009), external variables refer to sociocultural and pedagogical factors that influence the learning environment, such as learner\u2019s native language, exposure to the target language, and the quantity and type of pronunciation instruction they receive. As for internal factors, derived from the learners themselves, include biological, cognitive, and psychological aspects, such as age, aptitude, learning style, motivation, and affective factors. With a focus on effective teaching approaches and learning strategies, the proposed framework emphasizes the dynamic nature of language development in learners.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ae297e\" data-id=\"4ae297e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1743850 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1743850\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A Framework for Integrating Learning Strategies and Mobile Pedagogy\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>for L3 Pronunciation<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e65b66e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e65b66e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/L3-framework_revised.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4457\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25cc706 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25cc706\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f5fda7\" data-id=\"8f5fda7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9302ad8\" data-id=\"9302ad8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9805fb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9805fb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>I. Diagnosing problematic features<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d0e533\" data-id=\"7d0e533\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dbc21b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dbc21b0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e328a7\" data-id=\"7e328a7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0760863\" data-id=\"0760863\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44b47be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44b47be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>&#8211; to compare features of their own with those shared by the participants in our project<\/strong><\/p><p>T: formative assessment via EdTech tools such as Kahoot, Nearpod (apart from traditional questioning, paper-based assessments)<\/p><p>Ss: self-diagnosis by adopting cognitive strategies (e.g., analysis, note-taking, summarizing)<\/p><p>*Recommendation: particularly for Ss with low proficiency (S<span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><i>low<\/i><\/span>), affective strategies (e.g., self-encouraging &amp; self-rewarding for good performance)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad42a1b\" data-id=\"ad42a1b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-590f512 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"590f512\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cecc4c3\" data-id=\"cecc4c3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-83488e2\" data-id=\"83488e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9696b1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9696b1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>II.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Connecting sounds of different systems<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c4abfba\" data-id=\"c4abfba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-48f5dc9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"48f5dc9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-77e1adc\" data-id=\"77e1adc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe971f8\" data-id=\"fe971f8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-650547d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"650547d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>&#8211; to analyze the similarities and differences of sounds between L3 and the learner\u2019s L1 and L2 through explicit instruction; and<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>&#8211; to raise perceptual sensitivity<\/strong><\/p><p>T: explicit instruction via CAPT applications (e.g., integration of EdTech tools like EdPuzzle etc.)<\/p><p>*T-&gt;S<span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><i>low<\/i><\/span>: multimodal translanguaging approach\u00a0<\/p><p><em>(Tips : In the initial stages of learning a new language (L3), beginners may find it challenging to master the sound systems and symbols. To facilitate this process, teachers can use the sound and symbol systems of the learners\u2019 native languages (L1 and\/or L2) as scaffolding, providing specific notes on tongue position and other relevant factors<\/em>)<\/p><p>Ss: memory strategies (e.g., using mime and gesture, representing sounds in memory with visual aids, reviewing) &amp; cognitive strategies (e.g., analysis, note-taking, summarizing)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e125fc\" data-id=\"7e125fc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8b203dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8b203dd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72b449e\" data-id=\"72b449e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a720f0b\" data-id=\"a720f0b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1da5bd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1da5bd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>III. <\/strong><strong>Increasing input in both quantity and quality<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-754deb9\" data-id=\"754deb9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e07999d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e07999d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de7a15e\" data-id=\"de7a15e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-46b1b2f\" data-id=\"46b1b2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f7957c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f7957c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>&#8211; to immerse Ss in authentic L3 with a focus on improving the amount and the level of the input<\/strong><\/p><p>T: shadowing practice with the use of different platforms, such as EnglishCentral<\/p><p>Ss: compensatory strategies (e.g., using synonyms and \u201ctalking around\u201d the missing word and using gestures or pause words)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79436c0\" data-id=\"79436c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b2be368 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b2be368\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c4e697\" data-id=\"8c4e697\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8eb14d6\" data-id=\"8eb14d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cf5be3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cf5be3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>IV. <\/strong><strong>Embedding sounds in different contexts (phonetic, cultural, etc.)<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-291e457\" data-id=\"291e457\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38c9a79 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38c9a79\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29f3cb1\" data-id=\"29f3cb1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df3c039\" data-id=\"df3c039\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47a404 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d47a404\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>&#8211; <\/strong><strong>to make learning process more engaging and memorable via focused practice<\/strong><\/p><p>a. perception practice<\/p><p>T: Corpus-based practice, web-based HVPT, CAAC<\/p><p>b. production practice<\/p><p>T: Integration of AI-powered platforms (e.g., speech-to-text applications, such as Speechnotes <a href=\"https:\/\/speechnotes.co\/dictate\/\">https:\/\/speechnotes.co\/dictate\/<\/a>)<\/p><p>Ss:\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400;\">memory strategies (e.g., using mime and gesture, representing sounds in memory with visual aids, reviewing) &amp; cognitive strategies (e.g., analysis, note-taking, summarizing)<\/span><\/p><p>*Recommendation: metacognitive strategies (e.g., self-monitoring mistakes, and evaluating task success, and evaluating the success of any type of learning strategy)<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce17498\" data-id=\"ce17498\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0f8f411 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0f8f411\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39e01dd\" data-id=\"39e01dd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f12b798\" data-id=\"f12b798\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38c2dbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38c2dbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V. <\/strong><strong>Reflection and adjustment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bcddd6\" data-id=\"7bcddd6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f93837c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f93837c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c1c51d\" data-id=\"2c1c51d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03437ba\" data-id=\"03437ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbdbff2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bbdbff2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>&#8211; to\u00a0monitor progress and adjust the approach<\/strong><\/p><p>T: reflective journal via online platforms (e.g., Padlet)<\/p><p>Ss: metacognitive strategies (e.g., self-monitoring mistakes, and evaluating task success, and evaluating the success of any type of learning strategy)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f78eb0\" data-id=\"3f78eb0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b25ec3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b25ec3d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-69e3cc8\" data-id=\"69e3cc8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9b7424\" data-id=\"f9b7424\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae61277\" data-id=\"ae61277\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35b4a41 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"35b4a41\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb33cb7\" data-id=\"eb33cb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b947e0\" data-id=\"1b947e0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96d7e1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96d7e1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p><p>Cabrelli Amaro, J., &amp; Wrembel, M. (2016). Investigating the acquisition of phonology in a third language\u2013a state of the science and an outlook for the future.\u00a0<em>International Journal of Multilingualism, 13<\/em>(4), 395-409.<\/p><p>Calka, A. (2011). Pronunciation learning strategies\u2013identification and classification.\u00a0<em>Speaking and instructed foreign language acquisition, 57<\/em>, 149-168.<\/p><p>Cenoz, J. (2013). The influence of bilingualism on third language acquisition: Focus on multilingualism.\u00a0<em>Language Teaching, 46<\/em>(1), 71-86.<\/p><p>Kope\u010dkov\u00e1, R., Marecka, M., Wrembel, M., &amp; Gut, U. (2016). Interactions between three phonological subsystems of young multilinguals: The influence of language status.<em>\u00a0International journal of multilingualism, 13<\/em>(4), 426-443.<\/p><p>Tanner, M., &amp; Landon, M. (2009). The effects of computer-assisted pronunciation readings on ESL learners\u2019 use of pausing, stress, intonation, and overall comprehensibility.\u00a0<em>Language Learning &amp; Technology, 13<\/em>(3), 51-65.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/7696f204-9fe2-461b-8fa2-bb2c8e918a1c\/content\">https:\/\/scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/7696f204-9fe2-461b-8fa2-bb2c8e918a1c\/content<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b16383\" data-id=\"7b16383\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62bb0f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62bb0f3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ece779\" data-id=\"3ece779\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1a1ff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1a1ff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Third language acquisition (TLA) refers to the process of acquiring a language that is different from both the first language (L1) and second language (L2) and is acquired after them. Recent years have seen rapid growth in the field of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4362","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4362"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4469,"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4362\/revisions\/4469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpus.eduhk.hk\/L3PLT\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}